The Samdrup Jongkhar Initiative - just a dream or GNH in action?

A perfect society…… self sufficient, zero waste, holistic education and 100% organic.


 An impossible dream? Not according to the organizers of the Samdrup Jongkhar Initiative (SJI). The SJI is a pilot project organised by the Kyhentse Foundation, which aims at transforming Samdrup Jongkhar into a sustainable society based on the principles of gross national happiness. SJI focuses on implementing effective waste management systems, pesticide-free farming, food self sufficiency and effective education programs. The project is the vision of Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche who believes that the people of Bhutan must be proactive in this new era of democracy rather than relying on the government to bring about social change.


"Bhutan is a democracy now. So far things have gone well. But we citizens now have to shoulder responsibility without someone else having to tell us. It is a matter of fulfilling our responsibilities without the prodding of a cowherd”

The launch
On the 18th of December local farmers, business owners and students of Samdrup Jongkhar converged at the Chyoki Gyatsho Institute in Dewathang for the launch of SJI. The launch was held over five days and aimed at introducing these ideas to the locals of Samdrup Jongkhar through  discussion groups, presentations and practical trainings. Presenters at the conference included Dr. Vandana Shiva (ecofeminist, environmental activist and all round powerhouse )  and Bunker Roy (founder of Barefoot College). Even Bhutan’s Prime Minister showed his support by attending the second day of the launch. The organizers lived and breathed GNH. Meals were all prepared using local ingredients and served using zero waste utensils. What the organisers hope is that after seeing the best practices from around the world, the locals of SJ will take up the challenge of implementing them in Samdrup Jongkhar and preven

The skeptics
With such ambitious goals,  SJI has inevitably garnered its fair share of skeptics. Doubts arise over how a community can possibly coordinate a society that is 100% organic and self-sufficient. And then there are issues of individual choice. Will minimising imports and promoting local products affect what is available for consumers? Should farmers have the right to choose between chemical and organic farming?


The initiative is an audacious move and I think there will be people willing to label it as a failure regardless of what happens in Samdrup Jongkhar over the next five to ten years. But even if the initiative achieves a quarter of the ambitious vision of Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche, I think the skepticism is unfounded because only positive results can come from the attempt.If GNH is about promoting an equitable and more sustainable society then the SJI takes Bhutan a step beyond all the talks and conferences about GNH by transforming the ideas of GNH into practical action.


And fears that no practical results would come from SJI were quickly dispelled during the launch.


Bunker Roy committed to:
- Installing a water harvesting tank at Choki Gyatsho Institute and helping to install one in local schools who are interested
- Bringing 6 women from Samdrup Jongkhar to his Barefoot College in India to train them in installing and running solar panels.

Vandana Shiva has promised
- that her organization will oversea the transition to organic farming in Samdrup Jongkhar
- A group of farmers from Samdrup Jongkhar will be trained in organic farming methods at Dr. Shiva’s Navdanya Biodiversity Conservtion farm in March 2011.

But by far the most promising indication of the future success of the launch was the response of the locals whose immediate commitments included:


- supporting local dairy farmers and minimizing waste by completely abandoning the use of packaged milk powder and replacing it with fresh local milk.
- Segregating waste and disposing of it safely
- Increasing self-reliance and minimizing imports through food production.


SJI is one of the first big steps towards fostering a culture of democratic involvement in Bhutan. It will be fascinating to see how SJI plays out over the next five to ten years and I will be keeping a very keen eye on Samdrup Jongkhar!

Here is a blog post on some random/cool things I haven’t mentioned in other posts.

The publication of BO Focus

The reason I chose to study media was the opportunity to communicate with the public and create positive social change.  So the response to the publication of our BO Focus affirmed my reasons for choosing this career! I had unexpectedly become a part of the team working on the ‘Food security’ issue after the original writer mysteriously disappeared mid-project. We had been given instructions by Madame Phuntsho to make the Focus more reader friendly. With these instructions we set about revamping the publication from a text-heavy report style publication to something that was eye catching and would actually interest people.

As you can imagine, we were pretty nervous when publication date came around but we needn’t be worried as feedback was overwhelmingly positive. Madame Phuntsho received a call from a member of National Council who was extremely impressed with the content and layout. He promised to raise some of the issues covered at the next sitting of National Council. As a writer, there is nothing more satisfying than seeing something you’ve written have an impact with its audience. Furthermore, seeing the media being taken seriously by members of the government is a reassuring step forward in the development of Bhutanese democracy.

The working group for the Focus included Deeptika (business manager), Sushil (designer), myself and Noa Jones. Noa is a writer from the US who has had a long history in the media and worked at plenty of publications. I learnt so much from her about the process of putting together a publication - from drafting the initial outline to the final layout.  The biggest lesson I learnt is that it’s not just about what you write, but how you present it. Food security isn’t exactly the most riveting topic but by being creative with the presentation of the publication I think we managed to make it a little bit more exciting!

Working on the Focus reignited my passion for print media and I’m thinking about starting up a “Focus style” publication at the university next year!


National Assembly and High Tea with the Royals
I was lucky enough to attend the opening session of the 6th session of National Parliament on November 19th. Although all the speeches were spoken in Dzongkha, the ceremonial aspect was fascinating. It began with the procession of the MPs into the hall led by His Majesty the 5th king (or K5 as the locals call him). The MPs were presented with a series of 20 gifts representing each of the dzongkhags (districts). These included doma (of course), tea, cheese, apples and oranges.  After the ceremony the royal family, VIPS, MPs and the media (that’s me :) ) were invited to High Tea in the courtyard. It was quite a surreal feeling being surrounded by such important people and of course the man whose face is plastered all over Bhutan (K5)! I spoke with the opposition leader, Tshering Tobgay, about his recent win against the government in the country’s first constitutional court case. He keeps a blog about politics in Bhutan and it is a VERY interesting read. http://www.tsheringtobgay.com

At BBS Headquarters in Thimphu

BBS Public Service Broadcasting Conference – laying the foundations for Public Service Broadcaster in Bhutan
The great thing about working in Bhutanese media at this time is that I am able to witness  all the foundations being laid for the future of the industry. This is something I missed out on in Australia by about 100 years.

I recently represented the Observer at a conference on public broadcasting in Bhutan.  At the moment BBS is the only television broadcaster in Bhutan and it’s state funded.

The focus of the conference was:
-       Whether there was the need for a Public Service Broadcaster in Bhutan?
-       The structure that a PSB in Bhutan would take on?
-       Is BBS already functioning as a public service broadcaster?

On the second day of the workshop we worked in small groups to develop a model for public broadcasting in Bhutan. I was in the group that discussed issues of independence and sustainability. We were facilitated by Ms. Gerda Meuer, Managing Director of the Deutsche Welle Academy in Germany. It was pretty cool to be able to work so closely with someone who has such an impressive history in the media and who is the head of such a huge organization. On top of this, she was the only female presenter at the conference.

With the heads of Deutsche Welle

Dr Tepchai Yong, of Thai Public Broadcasting, was by far the most interesting and inspirational speaker at the conference. Like Madame Phuntsho, he is committed to  a completely independent media that is free of state control. In Thailand this is no easy feat. During Thailand’s recent political crisis TPB was the sole broadcaster that refused to give into the government’s demands to cease programming in spite of threats of violence. As part of their commitment to serving all sections of society, TPB runs citizen journalism workshops that they take out to rural areas and encourage impoverished and rural Thai people to suggest and develop content.

Another interesting fact we learnt from Tepchai is that Public Broadcasting in Thailand is funded by tax from alcohol and cigarettes! They call this “sin tax”. I will certainly feel better about sipping Pina Coladas on the beaches of Koh Samui!

The whole conference gave me a better appreciation of the idea of PSB and the responsibilities that this entails. Throughout the discussions I kept thinking about how the ABC measures up. There was a strong perception amongst the Bhutanese that it is impossible to have an editorially independent PSB that’s funded by the state. However, based on my perceptions of the ABC, in comparison to other news outlets in Australia, I’d have to disagree. I find that the ABC is one of the few television stations that offers any level of critical analysis of government policy. And we only have to look to programs such as The Chaser’s War on Everything to see that the ABC is definitely not a mouthpiece of the state.

Because of the social responsibility of social broadcasting, it’s definitely a part of the media that I’m passionate about and could see myself working in. I’d love to be involved with either developing content or the editorial team in this industry.


Trip to Taktsang Monastery/ Tiger’s Nest

Tiger's Nest!

Taktsang Dzong is undoubtedly the most recognized landmark in Bhutan. Google anything to do with Bhutan and it will inevitably be accompanied by a photo of a stunning monastery perched on top of a cliff. Legend has it that Guru Rinpoche flew to Taktsang ona flying tiger. Unfortunately, flying tigers weren’t available on the day we visited so our only option was to take the 1.5 hr walk up to Taktsang.  The walk up to Taktsang was relatively easy apart from some dauntingly steep stairs. However the trip down was another story!

My friend Kezang and I had stopped at a “hole in the wall” type restaurant and eaten momos for breakfast. We were there pretty early (especially by Bhutanese standards) and after tasting the first momo I suspected that they had reheated them from the night before (or perhaps even earlier). My suspicions were confirmed as we began the descent from Taktsang and I felt an acute pain in my stomach as if someone had thrust a knife in there and was twisting it. The pain became so bad that I couldn’t walk. Unfortunately the only way to get help was to make the 1hr walk back down.

I felt SO sorry for my Bhutanese friend Kezang, who had taken me to Taktsang. The poor guy was helpless to do anything as this foreign girl curled up on the forest floor and howled in pain. I couldn’t take it anymore and forced myself to throw up. The pain didn’t go away but it did subside enough to get myself back down to the base of the walk.

I’ve decided that if childbirth is more painful than what I experienced I might reconsider becoming a mother!

My big project
 I’ve also been working on the promotional project for the Observer. I can’t say too much about it because we want to keep it under wraps until it’s completely finished, but I’m really happy with what we’ve come up with! I’m working with an insanely talented person and I’m very excited about the final product!

Living on the edge: My trip through the border towns

Written on 16th December 


After twenty hours of sweaty, crowded and bumpy bus rides I have finally arrived in Samdrup Jongkhar for the launch of the Samdrup Jongkhar Initiative. Rather than taking the conventional route through Eastern Bhutan, I travelled through India so that I could attend a wedding  in the border town of Phuentsholing. As the wedding of the only daughter in the family I knew it would be a spectacular event and no expenses would be spared

The house in Jaigon 

A beautiful property had been rented out for the occasion and the balmy Indian breeze was a welcome change from the bitter chill of Thimphu’s frosty mornings. The traditional Nepali rituals were mesmerizing – the tika, washing of the feet, staining of the bride’s forehead and the readings. After the wedding I spent the evening relaxing with Sushil’s family.

The bride and groom

Time flew by as we decorated each other with henna ink. I panicked when I realized that I still needed to get my Indian visa stamped before heading over the Indian border at 5am the following morning on the bus to Samdrup Jongkhar. If I failed to get the stamp I wouldn’t be able to enter India! I grabbed Sushil and we raced to the immigration office.

No lights. No people. It was closed. I couldn’t decide whether to laugh or cry. Visions of attending the launch in SJ and my tour through Bhutan started to fade. Sushil attempted to negotiate with the armed guards at the gate. Although he didn’t show it at the time, Sushil later told me that he had desperately begged the guards to call someone from immigration to stamp my passport.


Eventually a disgruntled civil servant came down to meet us. The story we had formulated to explain my after hours visit was that I’d just arrived from Thimphu and needed the stamp for the following morning when the office would be closed. I didn’t blame the official for being particularly suspicious of a disheveled looking girl with tika on her forehead and freshly inked henna covered hands, who claimed to be Australian yet appeared to look Nepali. To my relief he agreed to stamp my passport and I set off to Samdrup Jongkhar very early the next day!

I had been warned that the 12-hour trip from Phuentsholing to Samdrup Jongkhar was risky and not for the faint hearted. To begin with, the bus is always filled beyond capacity and the seats are barely big enough to fit two small children, let alone two fully-grown adults. Luckily, I was seated next to a tiny seventeen-year old girl, yet even we struggled to comfortably fit side by side. As we got further into the trip, the seats seemed to only get smaller and smaller. By the time we reached our first rest stop half of my body was off the seat and my legs were sticking out into the aisle of the bus.

I felt like a ragdoll being flung around the bus and then violently slammed back down on the hard plastic seats as the bus moved over every bump and dip of the unpaved roads. Needless to say, sleeping was impossible. Some sections of road were so poor that the bus had to travel at less than 20 km/hr. Any speed beyond this would have damaged the wheels and suspension beyond repair. Breathing, talking and seeing became increasingly difficult as my eyes, throat and lungs became coated with dust from the road.

It's snowing! Wait nooo that's just dust 

Travelling through the Indian state of Assam was a confronting experience. Assam is a conflict ridden area and was previously a hotbed for militant training grounds. In 2001 a bus passing through the area was attacked by militants, resulting in the death of 20 Bhutanese people. Consequently, all Bhutanese buses passing through the area are required to travel in a military escorted convoy and gun wielding guards line the road. Despite all of this there were some sections of the ride that I really appreciated.  As you would expect after a tortuous 12 hour bus ride, I had a great chat with the girl I was next to and the beauty of the Indian sun setting over the tea plantations in Assam was not completely overshadowed by the discomfort of the trip . But my enjoyment was short lived when another passenger informed me that the owner of the tea plantation I was admiring had been kidnapped just days earlier!  It was definitely an adventure but not something I’d be volunteering to do again anytime in the near future!


Anyhow at the moment I've safely arrived in the border town of Samdrup Jongkar and VERY excited about the launch of the Samdrup Jongkhar Initiative! (www.sji.bt) 

Shaping BO 2010 – songs, sex, spirits and the serious stuff!

 

 This weekend was Shaping BO - the annual Bhutan Observer staff retreat, held at Pelri Cottages in Paro. The idea of spending my weekend sitting in meetings wasn’t thrilling. Having to leave at 5:45am on a Saturday definitely didn’t help either. To top it all off the place where we were staying is supposed to be haunted.

Sushil (our designer) was eager to fill me in on his encounter with the Pelri ghosts in 2009. He made sure I was well aware that the owner of Pelri Cottages had recently passed away. I would’ve laughed this off as an attempt to scare the foreign girl, except that Sushil didn’t seem like he was joking and his story was backed up by our cartoonist and the marketing manager who had stayed in the same cabin the previous year.

But, as it turns out, this weekend was one of the best I’ve had in any part of the world!

Songs

After the first day of meetings ended, all of the staff from the Observer  (including the bureau staff) sat around a big bonfire. The Bhutanese whiskey was cracked open and the fun began! To break the ice everyone had to sing a song. The punishment for refusing to sing? Washing the dishes for all 50+ of us!  

At first everyone was either too embarrassed or too sober to sing. But as the whiskey got flowing everyone was volunteering for another round of songs. For some reason I decided to sing Bob Marley’s Buffalo Soldier and even Madame Phuntsho belted out a tune in Dzongkha (the national language). By the end of the night, we had the entire Observer staff singing Dzongkha songs and dancing in a huge circle around the bonfire. I had no idea what the songs were about or how to perform the steps, but I found myself having the time of my life! Never would I have thought that one day I’d be drinking Bhutanese whiskey and dancing around a bonfire with a bunch of reporters in the Land of the Thunder Dragon.

  

Sex

Needrup (the Observer’s English editor) utilized the bonding session to give us a detailed insight into the subtle art of ‘night hunting’. Night hunting is a traditional form of Bhutanese courtship that is still practiced in some parts of rural Bhutan, including where Needrup grew up. It involves meeting a girl at night in her bedroom for a “midnight rendezvous”. Needrup had us all in stitches as he told us about his many experiences of night hunting, including the time he trekked for two hours through the forest to the next village to visit a girl that he fancied, only to arrive and see his best friend hanging from the wall as he climbed to the girl’s window. Or, about his many friends who’d inadvertently ended up with wives after accidentally sleeping in at the girls' houses. When this happened and the girls’ parents caught them, the local lama would be called and the couples would be forced to marry. He told us how, without torches or mobile phones, it was difficult to be completely sure that you had actually climbed into the right bedroom. This led to many awkward encounters that involved less than impressed fathers being woken up by adolescent boys in the middle of the night. If I ever hear any of my male friends from home argue that flowers, chocolates, dinner and a movie is a lot of effort, I’ll tell them, before they complain again, to trek through the forest for two hours, climb up a wall and wake up a sleeping father in the middle of the night!

Spirits

When we woke up the next morning (feeling a little worse for wear) we found out that one of the members of our staff had been taken to hospital. Apparently he’d been haunted by spirits and fallen unconscious. What was even spookier was that he’d been staying in the same cabin that Sushil had stayed in the year before! In the end he was fine, but I must admit I was slightly wary for the rest of the trip! (So much so that at one point I had a severe stomach ache and was convinced that it was the work of the Pelri spirits)

The serious stuff

Of course the retreat also involved meetings and serious discussions about the future of the newspaper. Topics included:

• Whether the Observer was still in line with its original vision and mission statement
• The need for a solution to the saga of the printing press
• Human resources issues
• Circulation problems
• Problems in the bureau offices
• The need to decide on a theme for the annual Faces of Bhutan magazine

 One topic that I found particularly interesting was the debate on whether to include international news in the Observer. This issue arose from reader feedback about the Observer’s failure to cover Aung San Suu Kyi’s release. Needrup strongly felt that including a page dedicated to international content would compromise the vision and mission of the newspaper as being “truly Bhutanese”. He argued that if there was not enough content directly related to Bhutan, reporters would have to “download” content from the internet.  I can understand where Needrup is coming from but, from a marketing perspective, I argued that if consumers want to buy one newspaper a week, they are more likely to choose the newspaper which gives the broadest coverage.

This same conflict arose in regards to Madame Phuntsho’s proposal for an environmental page. Needrup argued that there isn’t enough content originating from Bhutan to fill an entire page, and that not enough is going on in Bhutan to warrant a page specifically dedicated to the environment. I argued that this is exactly why we SHOULD have an environment page. I am constantly noticing how Bhutan’s picturesque environment is being destroyed by waste, especially in Thimphu. The environment falls directly under the pillars of Gross National Happiness yet there are few effective initiatives being undertaken in Bhutan.  Environmental issues in Bhutan, such as climate change and pollution can’t be isolated from what is happening in the rest of the world, especially when India and China are right on its doorstep. In the end, it was decided that over the next couple of months we would explore the feasibility of begin for a reporter with a background in science.

Sitting in the meetings and listening to the passion and commitment of the staff to maintaining the vision of the newspaper made me optimistic and confident about the paper’s future. I walked away from the last meeting with the following 'to do' list:

• To organize and write another BO Focus (supplement focusing on specific social issues in Bhutan)
• To get sponsorship for: 

             - My Page (A page for children with content by children)

             - The READ Bhutan project

             - The Dzongkha poetry competition

• To write an article for the annual issue of Faces of Bhutan

From the serious stuff to the not so serious stuff,I enjoyed every moment of the Shaping BO 2010 and can’t wait to see what 2011 brings for the Observer!

The land of BST, lamas and printing dramas!

When the Bhutan Observer’s Annual General Meeting rolled around I hadn't heard about BST (Bhutan Stretchable Time). So when I arrived in the office at 9:10 for the 9:00am meeting I expected to be met by 50 pairs of Bhutanese eyes staring back at me. Instead, the room was empty.  It wasn’t until about 9:50 that my colleagues began to wander in and at 10:10 the meeting finally got underway.


The meeting gave me an insight into the challenges that the newspaper is facing.  Sustainability and funding were recurring topics. But the most difficult problem facing the Observer at the moment is the drama over the printing press.  The amount of heated arguments  that this issue has caused could fill an entire series of a Bollywood soap drama .


Since I arrived in Bhutan, the Observer has usually managed to be ready for distribution by late Friday evening. Unfortunately the intended publication time is Friday morning. The late publication has huge ramifications for the paper and affects everyone from the advertisers to the reporters and also the readers. 


The process is made even more difficult when there’s a special supplement for a national celebration (and there are plenty in Bhutan) such as the 4th King’s birthday, 5th King’s birthday, Coronation Anniversary, Descending Day Of Lord Buddha etc. etc. So on the Anniversary of the 5th King’s Coronation I went to the printing press with Tashi to help compile the newspaper. The printing press is a tiny building with one printing machine that and a ladder that goes upstairs to an upper level where about half a dozen women put the paper together by hand. As I discovered, this is quite a tedious process! There is also issues with the quality of the printing. In fact, last week the copy of the Observer that was distributed to BICMA (Bhutan’s Information, Communications and Media Authority) had three blank pages and the wrong date on the cover. Needless to say, management was less than impressed. 

Putting together the paper at the printing press 

Solving this dilemma is vital to the future of the Observer.  Management is working hard to find a solution. In a country where the printing press is a relatively small industry there are few alternatives. One potentially viable option would be to print at the government owned Kuensel printing press but again financial issues are a major consideration. Another possibility that’s in the works at the moment is the establishment of a printing press in cooperation with some of the other private newspapers. This could be a lucrative commercial venture if the print media continues to grow as quickly as it has in the past two years! 

Working at the Bhutan Observer

Interviews. Conferences. Road trips. Meetings. Research– there is no such thing as a ‘typical day’ at the Observer office.

At the moment I’m working on an upcoming issue of BO Focus, which is a monthly insert focusing on specific social issues in Bhutan. This issue is on ‘Food nutrition and food security’. Contrary to my preconceptions, food security is not about locking your food up at night and is actually a really interesting issue! I’ve been assigned three articles and have been working on them non-stop. 

In 2007-2008 there was a global food crisis. India banned the export of rice to other countries so that they could feed their own population. Bhutan, which imports 90% of it’s rice from India, faced a potentially devastating situation. Luckily, India lifted the ban on Bhutan after less than a month because of good relations between the countries. But the question remained: What would’ve happened if India HADN’T lifted the ban?  The rice crisis made the Bhutanese realize how ill prepared they would be if they were cut off from their supply of imports and food security became an important topic on the national agenda. 

An important part of the research has been finding out what the government is doing to ensure food security in Bhutan and this entails interviews with politicians and ministers. In a country as small as Bhutan, getting access to public officials is relatively easy but getting answers out of them is definitely not! Traditionally, the Bhutanese culture doesn’t encourage the questioning of authority figures and people are still very wary of the media. The perception of politicians and public officials during the transition to democracy is quite interesting. The boundary between being disrespectful and merely questioning public officials has not yet been established and it seems that the media is at the forefront of testing this boundary. 

I’ve interviewed people from the United Nations Development Project, Ministry of Agriculture and the Food and Agricultural Organisation. Despite my initial frustration after a lot of persistence I was able to get some really good quotes and information for my articles.

One of the best parts of researching for the issue was my road trip to Paro with some other people from the  Observer team!  We went there to interview a lady who’s had to stop cultivating her rice on her farm. With all the hotels and resorts that have sprung up around Paro there’s no longer enough water to go around. She gave us a tour around her traditional Bhutanese farm and showed us the old rice fields, which are now completely useless because of the water shortage. Meeting and speaking to someone who's been directly affected by urbanisation made me really think about the true costs of development

Aum Rinchen Wangmo, who has had to abandon her rice farm because of urban development

Apart from this, my big project for the three months of my internship is to create a strategy to encourage support for the media from the government, readers, writers, students and advertisers. As I’ve mentioned before, free media is a relatively new concept in Bhutan so there is no culture of “using” the media and media literacy is very low. Madame Phuntsho has suggested doing a short documentary and supplementing this with brochures but this may change as I get to know the country more and figure out what the best method of communication would be.

Road trip!!!!

Bhutan’s national dress - My battle with the kira

Unless it’s exam time or I’ve had a big night, I can usually walk out of my house feeling reasonably confident that I’ve dressed myself correctly. Unfortunately, since I decided to start wearing a kira to work I haven’t had this luxury. After two weeks of trying to master the intricate process of folding and wrapping, getting dressed still takes me half an hour and at least four failed attempts. I can’t help but envy the elegance of the Bhutanese women as they glide around the city in their perfectly wrapped kiras while I struggle, tripping over my hem as I shuffle from my house to the office. 


Bhutan’s national dress code (Driglam Namzha ) was introduced in the 17th century and is worn everywhere that formal dress is expected i.e. the office, government buildings, school and special occasions.  In the 1980s Bhutan began to implement a series of laws to protect their culture from the dominant influence of China and India, and the national dress became enforceable by law. Anyone found in public out of national dress was charged by police.

Coming from Australia where the closest thing we have to a national dress is a flannelette shirt, boardshorts and thongs, the cultural importance of clothing is easy to underestimate.  But to the Bhutanese the significance of their clothing extends far beyond fashion or aesthetics. The debates surrounding Bhutan’s national dress symbolise many of the contentious issues facing modern Bhutan. The old vs the new. Culture and tradition vs modernisation. Cultural protection vs cultural diversity.

A Bhutanese woman in her kira and men wearing the gho which is their national dress.

The half kira

I find it hard to believe that anything, apart from perhaps childbirth, could be harder than putting on the kira. But the kira now worn by the majority of women in Bhutan (including me) has actually been adapted from the traditional full kira and is apparently much easier to put on. This transition has not been without controversy and has been a hot topic, even in national parliament.  While the younger generation sees the half kira as a necessary adaptation to modern life, older generations see it as cheapening of Bhutan’s traditional culture. Singay Dorki, 81, believes that “When you wear clothes in half, it means your life span gets shortened by half.” And others believe that this is just the beginning of the path that will inevitably lead to the loss of the kira altogether. 


Personally I see the adoption of the half kira as a positive compromise between the protection of culture and the inevitable modernisation of Bhutan. Women are able to meet the demands of modern life and still observe the national dress code. The half kira has prevented (at least temporarily) the complete abandonment of the kira. 

Attempting to look elegant in a kira!

And while I think that the full kira is beautiful and an important part of Bhutanese culture I don’t think I’ll be donning one anytime soon if I plan on making it to work before lunchtime